Umshini Wokucindezela Amafutha ESesame
ISingeniso Sesigaba
Ukuze uthole uwoyela ophezulu materialďź imbewu kasesame, izodinga pre-press, khona-ke ikhekhe ukuya workshop isizinda ezincibilikayo, uwoyela ukuya ekucwengisiseni. Njengowoyela wesaladi, isetshenziswa ekwenzeni imayonnaise, isaladi yokugqoka, amasoso nama-marinades. Njengamafutha okupheka, asetshenziselwa ukuthosa ekuphekeni kokubili kwezohwebo nasekhaya.
Ulayini wokukhiqiza uwoyela weSesame
okuhlanganisa: Ukuhlanza----ukucindezela----ukucwenga
1. Ukuhlanza (ngaphambi kokwelashwa) ukucubungula ulayini wokukhiqiza uwoyela wesesame
Ngokuqondene nokuhlanza umugqa wokukhiqiza isesame, Kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe, i-flake, ukupheka, ukuthambisa njalonjalo, zonke izinyathelo zilungiselelwe isitshalo sokucindezela uwoyela.
2. Ukucindezela ukucubungula komugqa wokukhiqiza uwoyela wesesame
Ngemuva kokuhlanza (ngaphambi kokwelashwa), i-sesame izoya ekucubunguleni okucindezelayo. Ngokuqondene nesesame, kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zomshini wokucindezela uwoyela wawo, umshini wokucindezela uwoyela we-screw kanye nomshini wokucindezela uwoyela we-hydraulic, singaklama isitshalo sokucindezela ngokwesicelo sekhasimende.
3. Ukucwenga ukucutshungulwa komugqa wokukhiqiza uwoyela wesesame
Ngemuva kokucindezela, sizothola uwoyela wesesame ongahluziwe, bese uwoyela uzoya endaweni yokucwenga.
I-flowchart yokucubungula ukucwengisiswa i-Crude sesame oil--Degumming and Deacidification--Decolorizathin--Deodorization---Amafutha okupheka acolisisiwe.
Ukwethulwa komshini wokucwenga uwoyela wesesame
I-Neutralization: uwoyela ongahluziwe ukhishwa ngephampu yokuphakelayo kawoyela ethangini likawoyela, bese ngokulandelayo ingena emshinini wokushisisa uwoyela ongahluziwe ukuze ibuyise ingxenye yokushisa ngemva kokulinganisa bese ishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elidingekayo ngesifudumezi. Ngemva kwalokho, uwoyela uxutshwa ne-metered phosphoric acid noma i-citric acid ethangini le-phosphate engxubeni yegesi (M401), bese ingena ethangini le-conditioning (R401) ukwenza ama-phospholipids angadonsi amanzi kuwoyela ashintshe abe yi-phospholipids e-hydratable. Engeza i-alkali ukuze i-neutralization, futhi ubuningi be-alkali nokugxiliswa kwesisombululo se-alkali kuncike kwikhwalithi kawoyela ongahluziwe. Nge-heater, uwoyela ongashintshiwe ushiselwa ezingeni lokushisa (90℃) olungele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal ukuze kukhishwe ama-phospholipids, i-FFA nokunye ukungcola kuwoyela ongahluziwe. Khona-ke amafutha aya ohlelweni lokugeza.
Ukugeza: kusekhona insipho engu-500ppm emafutheni angathathi hlangothi asuka kusihlukanisi. Ukuze ususe insipho esele, engeza emafutheni cishe u-5 ~ 8% wamanzi ashisayo, ngezinga lokushisa lamanzi elingu-3~5 ℃ ngaphezu kukawoyela ngokuvamile. Ukuze uzuze umphumela wokuwasha ozinzile, engeza i-phosphoric acid noma i-citric acid lapho ugeza. Amafutha namanzi ahlanganiswe kabusha ku-mixer ashiswa ku-90-95℃ nge-heater, bese engena endaweni yokuhlukanisa ukugeza ukuze ahlukanise insipho esele kanye namanzi amaningi. Amanzi anensipho namafutha angena kusihlukanisi samafutha ukuze ahlukanise amafutha emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho bamba uwoyela ngaphandle, futhi amanzi angcolile akhishelwa esiteshini sokukhuculula indle.
Isiteji sokumisa i-vacuum: kusekhona umswakama emafutheni ovela kusihlukanisi sokugeza, futhi umswakama uzothinta ukuzinza kwamafutha. Ngakho-ke uwoyela eku-90℃ kufanele uthunyelwe ku-vacuum drier ukuze kukhishwe umswakama, bese uwoyela ongenamanzi uya enqubweni yokukhipha umbala. Ekugcineni, pompa uwoyela owomile ngepompo ekheniwe.
Inqubo Yokucwenga Eqhubekayo
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wenqubo ye-decoloring ukususa i-pigment kawoyela, okusanhlamvu kwensipho esele nama-ion ensimbi. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi engeyinhle, indlela yokuxuba eyimishini ehlanganiswe nokuxuba kwesitimu izothuthukisa umphumela wokukhipha umbala.
Amafutha e-degumed aqala ukungena ku-heater ukuze ashiselwe ezingeni lokushisa elifanele (110℃), bese eya ethangini lokuxuba lomhlaba elimhlophe. Umhlaba omhlophe ulethwa usuka ebhokisini elimhlophe eliphansi uyiswe ethangini lesikhashana ngomoya. I-bleaching earth yengezwa nge-automatic metering futhi ilawulwa ngokuxhumanisa namafutha.
Amafutha ahlanganiswe nomhlaba omhlophe aphuphuma ku-decolorizer eqhubekayo, enyakaziswa isitimu esingenawo amandla. Amafutha aphelelwe umbala angena kwezinye izihlungi zamaqabunga amabili azohlungwa. Khona-ke amafutha ahlungiwe angena ethangini lokugcina uwoyela elingashintshiwe ngesihlungi sokuvikela. Ithangi lokugcina uwoyela elishintshile liklanywe njengethangi levacuum elinembobo ngaphakathi, ukuze kuvinjwe uwoyela ongashintshiwe ukuthintana nomoya futhi ube nomthelela kwinani lawo le-peroxide kanye nokuguqulwa kombala.
Inqubo Eqhubekayo Yokucwenga Iphunga Elimnandi
Uwoyela owenziwe ngombala ofanelekile ungena emshinini wokushisa we-spiral plate ukuze ubuyisele ukushisa okuningi, bese ngokulandelayo uya kusishintshi sokushisa esinengcindezi ephezulu ukuze ushiselwe ezingeni lokushisa lenqubo (240-260℃) bese ungena embhoshongweni wokuqeda iphunga. Ungqimba olungaphezulu lombhoshongo ohlanganisiwe wokuqeda iphunga yisakhiwo sokupakisha esisetshenziswa kakhulu ukususa izingxenye ezikhiqiza iphunga ezifana ne-fatty acid yamahhala (FFA); ungqimba olungezansi luwumbhoshongo wepuleti ongowokuzuza umphumela oshisayo wokukhipha umbala nokunciphisa inani leperoxide lamafutha libe ziro. Amafutha asuka embhoshongweni wokuqeda iphunga angena emshinini wokushisisa ukuze abuyisele ukushisa okuningi futhi enze okunye ukushintshanisa ukushisa namafutha aluhlaza, bese apholiswa aze afike ku-80-85℃ ngesipholile. Engeza i-antioxidant edingekayo kanye ne-flavour agent, bese upholisa amafutha ngaphansi kuka-50℃ bese uwagcina. Izivunguvungu ezifana ne-FFA ohlelweni lokuqeda iphunga zihlukaniswa isibambi sokupakisha, futhi uketshezi oluhlukanisiwe luyi-FFA ekushiseni okuphansi (60-75℃). Uma izinga loketshezi ethangini lesikhashana liphezulu kakhulu, uwoyela uzothunyelwa ethangini lokugcina le-FFA.
| Cha. | Uhlobo | Izinga Lokushisa Elishisayo(℃) |
| 1 | Inqubo Yokucwenga Eqhubekayo | 110 |
| 2 | Inqubo Eqhubekayo Yokucwenga Iphunga Elimnandi | 240-260 |
| Cha. | Igama leworkshop | Imodeli | QTY. | Amandla(kw) |
| 1 | I-Extrude Press Workshop | 1T/h | 1 Isethi | 198.15 |
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