Ukomisa komoya oshisayo nokomisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi (okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukomisa okuseduze noma okusesitolo drying) sebenzisa izimiso zokomisa ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu. Zombili zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi zazo futhi ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa isib, ezigabeni ezimbili zokomisa izinhlelo.
Ukomisa komoya oshisayo kusebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu ukuze ome ngokushesha futhi inqubo yokomisa iyanqanyulwa lapho umswakama ophakathi nendawo (MC) ufinyelela ku-MC yokugcina oyifunayo.
Ekomisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi inhloso ukulawula umswakama ohlobene (RH) kunokushisa komoya owomisayo ukuze zonke izingqimba zokusanhlamvu ezisembhedeni ojulile zifinyelele ukulingana komswakama (EMC).
Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa umehluko omkhulu:
Ezimoyeni ezishisayo zokomisa inqwaba yenqwabaumoya oshisayo owomile ungena kunqwaba yokusanhlamvu endaweni yokungena, uhamba phakathi kokusanhlamvu ngenkathi umunca amanzi futhi uphuma ubuningi bokusanhlamvu endaweni yokuphuma. Okusanhlamvu endaweni yokungena yoma ngokushesha ngoba lapho umoya owomile unamandla amakhulu okumunca amanzi. Ngenxa yombhede ongashoni kanye namazinga okugeleza komoya aphezulu, ukomiswa kwenzeka kuzo zonke izingqimba zenqwaba yokusanhlamvu, kodwa kushesha kakhulu endaweni yokungena futhi kuhamba kancane lapho ophumayo khona (bona amajika okomisa etafuleni).
Ngenxa yalokhu kuvela i-gradient yomswakama, esekhona ekupheleni kokumiswa. Inqubo yokomisa iyamiswa lapho umswakama ophakathi kokusanhlamvu (amasampula athathwe lapho kumiswa indawo yokungena komoya kanye nendawo yokukhipha umoya) ilingana nomswakamo wokugcina ofunekayo. Lapho okusanhlamvu kuthululwa futhi kugcwaliswa ezikhwameni izinhlamvu ngazinye ziyalingana okusho ukuthi okusanhlamvu okumanzi kukhulula amanzi okusanhlamvu okomisi okukhangayo ukuze ngemva kwesikhathi esithile zonke izinhlamvu zibe ne-MC efanayo.
Ukumanziswa kabusha kwezinhlamvu zokomisa, nokho, kuholela ekuqhekekeni okubangela ukuba izinhlamvu ziphuke ekugayweni. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ukubuyiswa kokugaya kanye nokutholwa kwerayisi lekhanda okusanhlamvu omisiwe kuma-batch dryer ombhede kungafanelekile. Enye indlela yokunciphisa ukuthambekela komswakama ngesikhathi somiswa ukuxuba izinhlamvu emgqonyeni wokomisa ngemva kokuthi sekudlule u-60-80% wesikhathi sokomisa.
Ekomisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansiInhloso yokuphathwa kwesomisi ukugcina i-RH yomoya owomisayo ekumswakama olinganayo (ERH) ohambelana nokuqukethwe komswakamo kokugcina okufiswayo kokusanhlamvu, noma i-equilibrium moisutre content (EMC). Umthelela wezinga lokushisa mncane uma uqhathaniswa ne-RH (Ithebula 2).
Uma ngokwesibonelo i-MC yokugcina ka-14% ifunwa umuntu kufanele aqondise ku-RH yomoya owomile ongaba ngu-75%. Ngokuvamile umoya ozungezile ungasetshenziswa emini ngenkathi eyomile. Ebusuku nangenkathi yemvula ukushisa kancane ngaphambili komoya okuzungezile ngo-3-6ºK kwanele ukwehlisa i-RH kumazinga afanele.
Umoya owomisayo ungena kunqwaba yokusanhlamvu endaweni yokungena futhi ngenkathi uhamba phakathi kwenqwaba yokusanhlamvu uyomisa izinhlamvu ezimanzi kuze kugcwale umoya. Ngenkathi umunca amanzi umoya uphola phansi ngamadigri ambalwa. Endleleni eqhubekayo ngobuningi bokusanhlamvu umoya awukwazi ukumunca amanzi engeziwe, njengoba esevele egcwele, kodwa uthatha ukushisa okudalwa ukuphefumula, izinambuzane nokukhula kwesikhunta futhi ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele ukushisa kwengxenye yokusanhlamvu esamanzi. Ingaphambili elomile elingamasentimitha ambalwa ukujula liyakhula futhi lihamba kancane libheke endaweni yokukhipha ishiye okusanhlamvu omisiwe ngemuva. Ngemva kokuba i-front yomisa ishiya inqwaba yokusanhlamvu inqubo yokumisa iphelile. Kuya ngokuqukethwe komswakamo kokuqala, izinga lokugeleza komoya, ukujula kwenqwaba yokusanhlamvu kanye nezindawo zokomisa komoya lokhu kungathatha izinsuku ezi-5 kuye emavikini ambalwa.
Inqubo yokomisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi ithambile kakhulu futhi ikhiqiza ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu kuyilapho igcina izinga eliphezulu lokuhluma. Njengoba kusetshenziswa isivinini somoya esiphansi kakhulu (0.1 m/s) futhi ukushisisa kwangaphambili komoya owomile akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, isidingo esithile samandla siphansi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokumisa. Ukomisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi kuvamise ukutuswa njengokumisa kwesigaba sesibili kwe-paddy ene-MC engenkulu kuno-18%. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ku-IRRI lubonise ukuthi ngokuphatha ngokucophelela ukomisa ngisho nokusanhlamvu okusanda kuvunwa okune-MC ka-28% kungomiswa ngokuphepha endaweni yokomisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi lesigaba esisodwa uma ukujula kwenqwaba kunqunyelwe ku-2m futhi isivinini somoya singu-0.1 m/s okungenani. Kodwa-ke, ezifundeni eziningi ezisathuthuka, lapho ukwehluleka kukagesi kusavamile, kwenza ingozi enkulu yokubeka izinhlamvu zomswakama ophezulu ngobuningi ngaphandle kokunikezwa kukagesi oyisipele ukuze kuqhutshwe amafeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-22-2024